A strategy called Watch & Wait (W&W) has increasingly been used, including at the Champalimaud Foundation, to avoid surgery and its associated complications, in a selected group of patients  whose tumours become undetectable after chemoradiotherapy. In terms of the local tumour control, it has been shown to be as safe to operate them later – if ever their tumour gives any sign of coming back – as to operate them immediately after chemoradiotherapy treatment.

TIL for the treatment of patients with solid cancer: an interactive workshop

Personalised T-cell therapy has now reached the solid tumour therapy field as a first of-its-kind immunotherapy for patients with melanoma with an approval granted by the FDA on February 17th  2024.