“When I explain to my friends and family the rigorous regulations in place to ensure ethical treatment of experimental animals, they seem surprised.
 
It is important that people know that researchers that use animals are obliged to have appropriate qualifications and training. That scientific projects are evaluated to ensure that the use of animals is needed, beneficial and that no unnecessary harm is inflicted. And that the highest standards of housing conditions must be provided by the facilities where animals are housed.
 

A study published in mid-April in the journal Nature Communications by Leopoldo Petreanu and his team, from the Cortical Circuits lab at Champalimaud Research, concludes that sensory processing by the visual cortex’s is not purely visual. More to the point, the study shows that, right from the early stages of sensory processing, the visual cortex integrates information from other sensory modalities, such as sounds.

Reported today in Science, the researchers found that mice given a diet rich in vitamin D had better immune resistance to experimentally transplanted cancers and improved responses to immunotherapy treatment. This effect was also seen when gene editing was used to remove a protein that binds to vitamin D in the blood and keeps it away from tissues.

There are varying degrees in the response of a cancerous tumour to a treatment. A complete response corresponds to the disappearance of all detectable signs of cancer in the body, while a partial or incomplete response is a decrease in the size of the tumour or in the amount of cancer in the body. To be considered a partial response, the measurable size of the tumor has to be reduced by at least 30% to 50% due to the treatment. 

This Sunday, April 14th, to commemorate four years since her passing, the Champalimaud Foundation honoured the memory of researcher Maria de Sousa, renowned globally as a pivotal figure in the field of Immunology.

The ceremony took place at the Champalimaud Foundation, with the inauguration of an exhibition showcasing an art collection by Pedro Cabrita Reis, representing Maria de Sousa's research and inspired by her curiosity and permanent quest for knowledge.

The word “cerebellum” means “little brain”, despite the fact that it holds more than half the brain’s neurons. It is essential for coordinating movements and balance, helping you perform everyday tasks smoothly, like walking down a crowded street, or playing sports. It is also crucial for the learning process that allows you to associate sensory cues with specific actions.

A strategy called Watch & Wait (W&W) has increasingly been used, including at the Champalimaud Foundation, to avoid surgery and its associated complications, in a selected group of patients  whose tumours become undetectable after chemoradiotherapy. In terms of the local tumour control, it has been shown to be as safe to operate them later – if ever their tumour gives any sign of coming back – as to operate them immediately after chemoradiotherapy treatment.

Cancers become resistant to chemotherapy in two major ways. They either have preexisting resistance to a type of drug or they can develop resistance through mutations.

Here are some of the main reasons for cancer drug resistance to arise. 

Rhiner's project seeks to understand the molecular and cellular circuits that help the brain recover from injuries. Damage to the nervous system disrupts the strongly linked networks of brain cells, leading to drastically altered cellular interactions that are not well understood. The BrainSySTEMic project is set to decode the molecular dialogues disrupted in injured brain tissues and discover new signalling pathways that encourage regeneration and strengthen the brain's ability to bounce back.

Imagine watching a film. The moving images you see are actually a series of static frames shown rapidly. This is the continuity illusion at work, where our brain perceives a sequence of quick flashes as continuous, smooth motion. It’s a phenomenon not just vital to our enjoyment of films but also a fundamental aspect of how all mammals, from humans to rats, perceive the dynamic world around them. This study from the CF’s Shemesh Lab, published in Nature Communications, delves into how this illusion is encoded in the brain.